Airguns, versatile and efficient firearms powered by compressed air or gas, have a rich history dating back to the 16th century. Modern airguns have evolved significantly, encompassing a wide range of designs and applications. They are popular for recreational shooting, competitive sports, hunting, and pest control due to their lower noise levels, reduced recoil, and generally lower costs compared to traditional firearms.

Airguns can be categorized into several types based on their power sources: spring-piston, gas piston, pre-charged pneumatic (PCP), and CO2-powered. Spring-piston airguns utilize a spring mechanism to compress air, offering consistent power and reliability. Gas piston models, similar in operation, use a gas-filled cylinder instead of a spring, providing smoother shooting and less vibration. PCP airguns, favored by enthusiasts, are powered by compressed air stored in a reservoir, delivering high power and precision. CO2 airguns use carbon dioxide cartridges, offering convenience and ease of use, making them ideal for casual shooting and training.

Airguns come in various calibers, with .177 and .22 being the most common. The .177 caliber is preferred for target shooting and competitions due to its flatter trajectory, while the .22 caliber is favored for hunting small game and pest control, offering more stopping power. Safety is paramount in airgun use, necessitating proper handling, maintenance, and adherence to local regulations. With their unique benefits and wide range of applications, airguns continue to be a popular choice for shooting enthusiasts of all levels.